Zakat from Our Income (Part. 2 – End)
Part. 2
The sixth benefit: Fulfilling the requirements to be able to enjoy the abundant wealth
Brother, you’ve already known that zakat of wealth only charged to the wealthy. And according to Islamic law, definition of wealthy here is one whose wealth already achieve the measure of one nishab, for one lunar year, where the wealth never decline below the measure of nishab.
Allah the Exalted doesn’t allow such people to enjoy their wealth but after paying their zakat obligation.
وَالَّذِينَ يَكْنِزُونَ الذَّهَبَ وَالْفِضَّةَ وَلاَ
يُنفِقُونَهَا فِي سَبِيلِ اللّهِ فَبَشِّرْهُم بِعَذَابٍ أَلِيمٍ {34}
يَوْمَ يُحْمَى عَلَيْهَا فِي نَارِ جَهَنَّمَ فَتُكْوَى بِهَا جِبَاهُهُمْ
وَجُنوبُهُمْ وَظُهُورُهُمْ هَـذَا مَا كَنَزْتُمْ لأَنفُسِكُمْ
فَذُوقُواْ مَا كُنتُمْ تَكْنِزُونَ
And there are those who amass gold and silver and do not spend it
in the Way of Allah. Announce to them the tidings of a painful
chastisement. on a Day when they shall be heated up in the Fire of Hell,
and their foreheads and their sides and their backs shall be branded
with it, (and they shall be told): “This is the treasure which you
hoarded for yourselves. Taste, then, the punishment for what you have
hoarded.” (Qs. At Taubah/The Repentance: 34-35)Abdullah Ibn Umar -may be pleased with them both – explained the meaning of “amass gold and silver” in this verse by saying:
كل مال أدَّيت زكاته فليس بكنز وإن كان مدفونًا. وكل مالٍ
لم تؤدَّ زكاته، فهو الكنز الذي ذكره الله في القرآن، يكوى به صاحبه، وإن
لم يكن مدفونًا. رواه ابن ماجة، والبيهقي وغيرهما.
“Every wealth which zakat is already taken from, is not an amass
although it is kept by burying it inside the earth. And every wealth
which zakat has not been taken from, is indeed amass which Allah
mentioned in the Qur’an. The owner will be burnt with it, although it
was not buried inside the earth.” (Narrated by Ibn Maja, Al Baihaqi, and others).Ibn Hajar Al Asqalany said: “The wisdom beneath the return of one’s wealth that he ever possessed as a whole, whereas the zakat obligation probably just about a half of it, is because zakat is fused with the whole wealth of him, and it couldn’t be spared. Moreover, the wealth from which the zakat has not been taken is an impure wealth.” (See: Fathul Bari 3/305)
مَنْ آتَاهُ اللَّهُ مَالاً ، فَلَمْ يُؤَدِّ زَكَاتَهُ
مُثِّلَ لَهُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ شُجَاعًا أَقْرَعَ، لَهُ زَبِيبَتَانِ،
يُطَوَّقُهُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ، ثُمَّ يَأْخُذُ بِلِهْزِمَتَيْهِ –
يَعْنِى شِدْقَيْهِ – ثُمَّ يَقُولُ أَنَا مَالُكَ ، أَنَا كَنْزُكَ. ثُمَّ
تَلاَ :ولاَ يَحْسِبَنَّ الَّذِينَ يَبْخَلُونَ . إلى آخر الآية. متفق
عليه
“Whoever is made wealthy by Allâh and does not pay the Zakât of his
wealth, then on the Day of Resurrection his wealth will be made like a
bald-headed poisonous male snake with two black spots over the eyes (or
two poisonous glands in its mouth). The snake will encircle his neck and
bite his cheeks and say, ‘I am your wealth, I am your treasure.'” Then
the Prophet recited the holy Verses:
وَلاَ يَحْسَبَنَّ الَّذِينَ يَبْخَلُونَ بِمَا آتَاهُمُ
اللّهُ مِن فَضْلِهِ هُوَ خَيْرًا لَّهُمْ بَلْ هُوَ شَرٌّ لَّهُمْ
سَيُطَوَّقُونَ مَا بَخِلُواْ بِهِ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ وَلِلّهِ مِيرَاثُ
السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالأَرْضِ وَاللّهُ بِمَا تَعْمَلُونَ خَبِيرٌ. آل عمران
180
“Those who are niggardly about what Allah has granted them out of
His bounty think that niggardliness is good for them; rather, it is bad
for them. What they were niggardly about will turn into a halter round
their necks on the Day of Resurrection. To Allah belongs the inheritance
of the heavens and the earth. Allah is well aware of what you do.” (QS Ali Imran/The Family of Imran: 180) (Muttafaqun ‘alaih)If you don’t want such terrible thing to be happened to you, then pay your zakat obligation.
The seventh benefit: It will be a way to get the shade in Mahsyar
As a faithful believer, we all believe in the Last day and the Resurrection. You’ve probably heard about some portents of the Hour, or even witnessed several of those portents. Bit have you ever ask yourself, “What have I prepare to welcome it?”
One day, a bedouin came and met the messenger of Allah -peace and prayer of Allah be upon him- to ask, “When is the Hour?”. The Prophet -peace and prayer of Allah be upon him- asked him back,
وَمَاذَا أَعْدَدْتَ لَهَا ؟. متفق عليه
“What have you prepare to welcome it?” (Muttafaqun ‘alayh)Brother, the messenger of Allah -peace and prayer of Allah be upon him- reminded his followers to pay attention to things that they’re able to do, that is to prepare provisions to welcome the Hour. As for when and how it will be established, belong to Allah only.
Brother, you may ask, “Why shall I prepare as much goodness as I can to welcome the Hour?”
Know, O Brother, that the Hour is the most terrible and terrifying day. Would you like to know how terrible is it? Below is a brief picture of it:
تُدْنَى الشَّمْسُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ مِنَ الْخَلْقِ
حَتَّى تَكُونَ مِنْهُمْ كَمِقْدَارِ مِيلٍ. قَالَ سُلَيْمُ بْنُ عَامِرٍ
فَوَاللَّهِ مَا أَدْرِى مَا يَعْنِى بِالْمِيلِ أَمَسَافَةَ الأَرْضِ أَمِ
الْمِيلَ الَّذِى تُكْتَحَلُ بِهِ الْعَيْنُ. قَالَ: فَيَكُونُ النَّاسُ
عَلَى قَدْرِ أَعْمَالِهِمْ فِى الْعَرَقِ فَمِنْهُمْ مَنْ يَكُونُ إِلَى
كَعْبَيْهِ وَمِنْهُمْ مَنْ يَكُونُ إِلَى رُكْبَتَيْهِ وَمِنْهُمْ مَنْ
يَكُونُ إِلَى حَقْوَيْهِ وَمِنْهُمْ مَنْ يُلْجِمُهُ الْعَرَقُ
إِلْجَامًا. رواه مسلم
“The sun will be brought near to the people on the Day of
Resurrection, until it is one Mîl away from them.” Sulaim bin Amir said:
‘By Allah, I do not know what he meant by the word Mîl — was it a
measure of distance (mile) or the stick which is used to apply kohl to
the eyes.’ And he -peace and prayer of Allah be upon him- said: ‘The
people will be submerged in the sweat in accordance with their deeds;
for some it will come up to their ankles, for some it will come up to
their knees, for some it will come up to their waists and for some it
will come up to their mouths.’ And the Messenger of Allah -peace and
prayer of Allah be upon him- pointed with his hand to his mouth.” (Narrated by Muslim).If you can imagine how difficult and hot will that day be, the question is: In what group will you join, O brother? Find the answer within you…
Thus, what have you prepare to face it? And what is your preparation to face the heat at the field of Mahsyar?
The answer is in the hadith from the messenger of Allah -peace and prayer of Allah be upon him- below:
كُلُّ امْرِئٍ فِى ظِلِّ صَدَقَتِهِ حَتَّى يُفْصَلَ
بَيْنَ النَّاسِ. قَالَ يَزِيدُ وَكَانَ أَبُو الْخَيْرِ لاَ يُخْطِئُهُ
يَوْمٌ إِلاَّ تَصَدَّقَ فِيهِ بِشَىْءٍ وَلَوْ كَعْكَةً أَوْ بَصَلَةً
أَوْ كَذَا. رواه أحمد وابن خزيمة وابن حبان والطبراني وصححه الألباني
“Every man will be under the shade of his alms, till the time
Allah judge them all.” Yazid, the narrator of this hadith told about his
teacher, “That is why Abul Khair never passed a day but he would give
charity in it, although with a piece of cake or onions or else.” (Narrated by Ahmad, Ibn Khuzaima, Ibn Hibban, Ath Thabrani, and classed sahih by Al Albani).That is among the benefits of paying zakat and giving alms. Now it’s up to you to choose whether to do it or not; whether to find it difficult to spend a small portion of your wealth to get a shade in the field of mahsyar, or not?
Eighth benefit: Zakat is a your shield from the Hellfire and it’s terrible torments
Brother, have you ever stepped on a cigarette stub? Or got burns? How do you feel, hot and hurt, isn’t it? I am sure you never want to experience it anymore, or even just dream about it.
Now, what will you feel, if that is increased to 70 times hotter than the current heat?
Know, O brother, that the heat of worldly fire, no matter how hot it is, is just one part compared to seventy part of the heat of the Hell.
نَارُكُمْ هَذِهِ الَّتِى يُوقِدُ ابْنُ آدَمَ جُزْءٌ مِنْ
سَبْعِينَ جُزْءًا مِنْ حَرِّ جَهَنَّمَ. قَالُوا: وَاللَّهِ إِنْ كَانَتْ
لَكَافِيَةً يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ. قَالَ: فَإِنَّهَا فُضِّلَتْ عَلَيْهَا
بِتِسْعَةٍ وَسِتِّينَ جُزْءًا كُلُّهَا مِثْلُ حَرِّهَا . متفق عليه
“This fire of yours that used by men to burn something, is just a
part from seventy part (1/70) of the heat of Hell fire”. The companions
spontaneously said, “O messenger of Allah, indeed, by Allah, this fire
is enough to torture the wicked, (then why it must be double folded)?”.
He replied, “(no), verily, the heat of Hellfire is hotter than this
worldly fire by 69 times.” (Muttafaqun ‘alaih)And it is stated in a narration by Imam Ahmad, that the worldly fire, which heat is merely 1:70 to the hell, has been reduced in heat by being dipped in the ocean twice.
إِنَّ نَارَكُمْ هَذِهِ جُزْءٌ مِنْ سَبْعِينَ جُزْءاً
مِنْ نَارِ جَهَنَّمَ وَضُرِبَتْ بِالْبَحْرِ مَرَّتَيْنِ وَلَوْلاَ ذَلِكَ
مَا جَعَلَ اللَّهُ فِيهَا مَنْفَعَةً لأَحَدٍ . رواه أحمد وغيره
“This fire of yours that used by men to burn something, is just a
part from seventy part (1/70) of the heat of Hell fire, and it’s heat
has been reduced by being dipped into the ocean twice. Supposed it’s not
been reduced, none will be able to use it.” (Narrated by Ahmad and the others).Brother! Take a look at the answer of the Prophet-peace and prayer of Allah be upon him- as the reply of his companions’ question above. He -peace and prayer of Allah be upon him- deliberately answered their question by repeating the comparison between the heat of worldly fire and the Hellfire. That is to remind them that the heat of the worldly fire is not hot enough to be the torment in Hell, and by the multiplication of the heat of the Hellfire, it it will be evident that the torment of Allah the Exalted is much more painful than the torment of human being. (See: Fathul Baari, by Ibn Hajar, 6/334)
Brother, probably you’ve ever stood near the furnace of the steel factory, or at least behind the exhaust of your vehicle. What did you feel at that time? Whereas you didn’t touch the fire directly. And what if you touch that burning fire directly?
That is the worldly fire, and what about the Hellfire?
Now that you know the extreme heat of the hell, what have you prepare to protect yourself from the sting and the heat of the hellfire? Will you be able to hold the heat of the Hellfire?
Know, O brother, that one of the way to protect yourself from the hell fire and it’s heat, is by paying your zakat obligation and giving alms while you’re alive. That is the reason why previously the Prophet -peace and prayer of Allah be upon him- admonished people to spend a lot in charity, to prepare yourself from the neat of the Hellfire.
اتَّقُوا النَّارَ وَلَوْ بِشِقِّ تَمْرَةٍ. متفق عليه
“Shield yourself from the Hell fire, by giving alms, although just in a form of half of date.” (Muttafaqun ‘alayh)Ibn Hajar said, that in this hadith, there are suggestion to increase alms, careless about e number, much or less. It is not right to belittle your alms, because although it is less, it will protect you from the heat of the hellfire.” (Fathul Bari by Ibn hajar 3/284)
Brother! What will you do, after you know about the role of giving alms in facing the heat of the Hellfire later?
The ninth benefit: Zakat is the serration of the key of Paradise
Paradise is everyone’s ultimate dream, but to open it’s gate, you should bring a matching key, otherwise you wont be able to open it. And now it is in your hand, the only thing you need is to match between the serration of your key, with the keyhole of Paradise’s gate. If it is matched, you’ll be able to open it, but if it’s not, off course you wont.
One day, there was a man came to Wahab Ibn Munabbih and asked him:
أَلَيْسَ لاَ إِلَهَ إِلاَّ اللَّهُ مِفْتَاحُ الْجَنَّةِ؟
قَالَ: بَلَى، وَلَكِنْ لَيْسَ مِفْتَاحٌ إِلاَّ لَهُ أَسْنَانٌ ، فَإِنْ
جِئْتَ بِمِفْتَاحٍ لَهُ أَسْنَانٌ فُتِحَ لَكَ ، وَإِلاَّ لَمْ يُفْتَحْ
لَكَ
“Isn’t the testimony of laa ilaaha illallaah (none has the right
to be worshipped but Allah) is the key to Paradise? ” Wahab Ibn Munabbih
replied, “Yes, but isn’t every key has it’s own serration? If you come
with a key with matching serration, the gate of the Paradise will be
opened for you, and if you’re not, it wont be opened for you.” (Narrated by Bukhari)Brother, would you like to know what is the serration of Paradise’s key? Here is the answer of the messenger of Allah -peace and prayer of Allah be upon him :
اعْبُدُوا رَبَّكُمْ وَصَلَّوْا خَمْسَكُمْ وَصُومُوا
شَهْرَكُمْ وَحُجُّوا بَيْتَكُمْ وَأَدُّوا زَكَاتَكُمْ طَيِّبَةً بِهَا
أَنْفُسُكُمْ تَدْخُلُوا جَنَّةَ رَبِّكُمْ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ. رواه أحمد وغيره
“Thou shalt worship your Lord, establish the five compulsory
prayers, fast at the month of Ramadan, perform pilgrimage to the House
of Allah, pay the zakat sincerely, and you’ll manage to enter the
Paradise of your Lord, the Noblest, The Greatest.” (Narrated by Ahmad, and the others).Epilogue
Brother, if by this time you are willing to pay the zakat of your wealth, I would like to inform you first about several important points to know, regarding this matter.First: Know that the poor have done you a favor by willing to receive your zakat.
تَصَدَّقُوا فَإِنَّهُ يَأْتِى عَلَيْكُمْ زَمَانٌ يَمْشِى
الرَّجُلُ بِصَدَقَتِهِ ، فَلاَ يَجِدُ مَنْ يَقْبَلُهَا يَقُولُ
الرَّجُلُ لَوْ جِئْتَ بِهَا بِالأَمْسِ لَقَبِلْتُهَا ، فَأَمَّا
الْيَوْمَ فَلاَ حَاجَةَ لِى بِهَا. متفق عليه
“O people! Give in charity as a time will come upon you when a
person will wander about with his object of charity and will not find
anybody to accept it, and one (who will be requested to take it) will
say, ‘If you had brought it yesterday, I would have taken it, but today I
am not in need of it.’” (Muttafaqun ‘alaih)Second: The nisab of Zakat from one’s wealth.
عن علي رضي الله عنه عن النبي صلى الله عليه و سلم قال:
إذا كانت لك مائتا درهم وحال عليها الحول، ففيها خمسة دراهم، وليس عليك شيء
يعني في الذهب حتى يكون لك عشرون دينارا، فإذا كان لك عشرون دينارا، وحال
عليها الحول ففيها نصف دينار، فما زاد فبحساب ذلك. رواه أبو داود وصححه
الألباني
“From ‘Ali -may Allah be pleased with him, he narrated from the
Prophet -peace and prayer of Allah be upon him-, he said: ‘If you have
200 dirham, and a year has passed (since the first time you obtained
it), you are charged the obligation of zakat about 5 dirham. And you
have no duty to pay it, -meaning the zakat from gold- until you have 20
dinar. If you have 20 dinar, and a year has passed (since the first time
you possessed it), you are charged the obligation of zakat about a half
of dinar. And the zakat of every excess of that (nisab), should be
taken according to that method of calculation.'” (Narrated by Abu Dawud, Al Baihaqi, and classed sahih by Al Albani)
عن أبي سَعِيدٍ رضي الله عنه يقول: قال النبي صلى الله عليه و سلم : ليس فِيمَا دُونَ خَمْسِ أَوَاقٍ صَدَقَةٌ. متفق عليه
From Abu Sa’id Al Khudri -may Allah be pleased with him-, he said:
The Messenger of Allah -peace and prayer of Allah be upon him- said, “No Zakat is due on property mounting to less than five Uqiya (of silver).” (Muttafaqun’alaih)And in a hadith narrated by Abu Bakr -may Allah be pleased with him- , it is said that:
وفي الرِّقَّةِ رُبْعُ الْعُشْر. رواه البخاري
“And the obligation of zakat in silver is 1/20 of it’s amount (2.5%).” (Narrated by Al Bukhari).Those hadith is just part of some hadith about determination of nisab of zakat from gold and silver, by that, we may conclude that:
– Nisab is the lowest limit from wealth, that must be charged with an amount of zakat (if one’s wealths have reached it). Hence, nisab is needed by those with a little amount of wealth, to make sure whether or not they are obliged to pay zakat from their wealth. As for those with vast amount of gold and silver, do not need it, since it is certain taht they must pay zakat from their wealth. Thus, in the previous hadith narrated by Ali -may Allah be pleased with him-, the Prophet -peace and prayer of Allah be upon him- said: “And the zakat of every excess of that (nisab), should be taken according to that method of calculation. ”
– Nisab for gold is 20 dinar, equals to 91,3/7 g of gold. [1]
– Nisab for silver is 5 uqiya, equals to 595 g of silver. [2]
– The amount of zakat taken from gold and silver that already passed the nisab is 1/40 or 2.5% of it.
– It is important to underline that the nisab for gold and solver above apply for the pure gold and silver (24 carats). [3]. Hence, if one has an impure gold, for example the 18 carats gold, the nisab must be matched with the nisab of pure gold (24 carats), that is by comparing the selling price between the two kind of gold, or by asking the gold expert or the staff of gold shop, about the value of gold that he possesses.
If it reaches the nisab, he is obliged to pay the zakat, and if it’s not, he is not obliged to do so.
One who is willing to pay the zakat of his gold or silver is allowed to choose between the two alternatives below:
First: By directly buying an amount of gold or silver equals to the amount that must be paid, and giving it directly to the need.
Second: By paying it in a form of money that is valid in his country, in an amount that equals his zakat obligation.
For information, this nisab is only needed to know by those with little of amount of wealth, as for the wealthy, it is alright if they don’t know about that nisab, and they may directly take 1/40 or 2.5% from their wealth and give it to the rightful ones.
Third: Nisab for money is similar to nisab for gold and silver
The scholars have said that the nisab for gold and silver might be completed with money, and vice versa. (See: Maqalaat Al Mutanawwi’ah by Sheikh Abdul Aziz Ibn Baaz 14/125)
Based on that, if one has gold weighing 50 g, with a price of IDR 10.000.000, and he also possesses cash money about IDR 13.000.000, while the price of 1 g of gold is IDR 200.000, he is obliged to pay 2.5% of zakat from his wealth. Even though each of his gold and his money haven’t reach the nisab yet, but if it is combined, the total amount has reached the nisab.
Fourth: Whoever deserve to receive your zakat?
إِنَّمَا الصَّدَقَاتُ لِلْفُقَرَاء وَالْمَسَاكِينِ
وَالْعَامِلِينَ عَلَيْهَا وَالْمُؤَلَّفَةِ قُلُوبُهُمْ وَفِي الرِّقَابِ
وَالْغَارِمِينَ وَفِي سَبِيلِ اللّهِ وَابْنِ السَّبِيلِ فَرِيضَةً مِّنَ
اللّهِ وَاللّهُ عَلِيمٌ حَكِيمٌ. التوبة 60
“The alms are meant only for the poor and the needy and those who
are in charge thereof, those whose hearts are to be reconciled, and to
free those in bondage, and to help those burdened with debt, and for
expenditure in the Way of Allah and for the wayfarer. This is an
obligation from Allah. Allah is All-Knowing, All-Wise.” (Qs. At Taubah/The Repentance: 60)Thus, you are not allowed to give your zakat for other than the eight criteria above.
One day, there were two men came to the messenger of Allah -peace and prayer of Allah be upon him- to ask for their part in zakat. The messenger of Allah -peace and prayer if Allah be upon him- looked at them carefully, and he found that they were strong and sturdy. Thereupon, the messenger of Allah -peace and prayer of Allah be upon him- said,
إِنْ شِئْتُمَا أَعْطَيْتُكُمَا وَلاَ حَظَّ فِيهَا لِغَنِىٍّ وَلاَ لِقَوِىٍّ مُكْتَسِبٍ. رواه أحمد وأبو داود وغيرهما
“If you two are still willing, I’d give you a part from it, but
know that the rich and the strong, who are able to work, have no right
in it.” (Narrated by Ahmad, Abu Dawud, and the others).I wish that this brief explanation may help you to open a new phase of your life, and zakat will color it from now on. And Allah knows best.
Footnote:
[1]. The determination of nisab for gold with 91,3/7 g of gold is based on the decision of the Permanent Member of the Fatwa Committee, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, no. 5522. As for Sheikh Muhammad Ibn Shalih Al Uthaymeen, he stated that the nisab for gold is 85 g, as mentioned in his work: “Majmu’ Fatawa wa Rasaa’il” 18/130, & 133.
[2]. The determination of nisab for silver with 595 g of it is based on the explanation of Sheikh Muhammad Ibn Shalih al Uthaymeen in various of his works, such as Majmu’ Fatawa wa Rasaail ,18/141.
[3]. See: “Subulus Salaam” by As Shan’ani 2/129.
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Author: Ustadz Dr. Muhammad Arifin Badri, M.A.
Tag :
zakat
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